Objective To identify the latent profiles of activity pattern of community-dwelling older adults, and explore the associations of latent profiles of activity patterns and cognitive function, and to provide reference for developing targeted measures. Methods A total of 648 older adults from 3 communities in Hefei city were surveyed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long-form (IPAQ-LF) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Results The prevalence of cognitive impairment in the community-dwelling older adults was 32.25% (209/648).The activity patterns of older adults were classified into 3 profiles of "active" (11.57%),"moderate-active" (52.32%), and "sedentary" (36.11%).The risk of cognitive impairment in older adults with "mo-derate-active" or "sedentary" activity patterns were higher than those with "active" pattern. Conclusion Activity patterns of community dwelling older adults are heterogeneous.Community healthcare workers should pay more attention to older adults with "sedentary" activity pattern, identify and take interventions targeting their activity patterns to enhance their cognitive function, in an effort to improve quality of life of them.