Objective To observe the effect of the square-stepping exercise （SSE） scheme based on the PASS theory on the cognitive function, balance function and fall risk in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Methods Eighty patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment were randomized into an experimental group (n=41) and a control group (n=39).The control group received routine specialized nursing, rehabilitation training and cognitive training, while the experimental group was additionally implemented SSE scheme based on PASS theory, the intervention effect was compared between the two groups. Results One, three and six months after the intervention, the MoCA scores and Berg scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and its Morse fall risk scores were significantly lower than those in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion The SSE scheme constructed based on PASS theory can improve the cognitive function and balance function for patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment, and reduce their risk of fall.