Objective To construct a formative evaluation system based on the core competence list, and to understand its application effect in the training of new nurses. Methods The list framework of nurses′ core competence established by our hospital was adop-ted, the training content was shown in the form of a list, and a formative evaluation system was constructed and implemented in 57 new nurses enrolled in 2020 (an experimental group), then its implementation effect was evaluated by comparing the scores of theory, skill examination and core competence with their counterparts of 53 new nurses recruited in 2019 (a control group). Results The scores of theory and skill examination in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and its total score of core competence and subscales scores of law and ethics practice ability, clinical nursing ability and interpersonal relationship were significantly better than those of the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion The application and implementation of the list formatted formative evaluation system in the training of new nurses, makes the training objectives clearer and more speci-fic, the evaluation more targeted and diversified, and it is conducive to improving nurses′ theoretical and clinical practice ability.