Objective To understand the level and associated factors of death anxiety among oncology nurses, so as to provide reference for targeted intervention. Methods Totally, 441 oncology nurses from 7 hospitals in Hebei province were invited to complete the general information questionnaire, the Templers Death Anxiety Scale, the Self-esteem Scale, and the Coping with Death Scale. Results The total score of death anxiety among oncology nurses was 7.66±1.91. Death anxiety was negatively correlated with self-esteem and the ability of coping with death (both P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that salary, participation in death education, self-esteem, and competence in coping with death were the main influencing factors of death anxiety (all P<0.05), which explained 59.0% of the total variance. Conclusion Oncology nurses report relatively high level of death anxiety, which is affected by many factors. Hospital managers should pay attention to this issue, formulate and implement targeted intervention programs, to alleviate death anxiety of oncology nurses.