Objective To explore orthopedic nurses′ self-evaluation of discharge planning practices and to identify the influencing factors. Methods A total of 548 nurses working in orthopedic wards were selected from 14 tertiary grade A hospitals in Wuhan and surveyed by using a self-designed general information questionnaire and the Discharge Planning of Ward Nurses （DPWN）. Results The total DPWN score was （102.13±25.94）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level, whether nurses knew discharge planning or not, whether they had participated in training on discharge planning or not, and whether they had implemented discharge planning or not were factors influencing their self-evaluation of discharge planning practices （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion Orthopedic nurses′ self-evaluation of discharge planning practices is satisfactory. Nursing managers should provide continuing education and training on discharge planning for orthopedic nurses, so as to improve their capacity of discharge planning.