Objective To describe the level of expectations regarding aging among rural older adults and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 199 rural elderly people by using the general information questionnaire, the short form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6), the 12-item Expectation Regarding Aging survey, and the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire. Results The sample scored 32.72±9.18 on expectations regarding aging, 15.11±3.82 on loneliness, and 52.75±2.76 on perceptions of aging. Multiple linear regression showed that gender, marital status, the number of chronic diseases, living alone, loneliness, perceptions of aging, and economic source were factors affecting expectations regarding aging among the rural elderly （adjusted R2=0.612，all P＜0.05）. Conclusion The rural elderly report low level of expectations regarding aging. Woman, those with loneliness, more chronic diseases, negative attitudes toward aging, and poor income, as well as those without spouse should be paid more attention.