Objective To improve the quality of venous blood specimen collection in hematological tumor ward. Methods A total of 34 nurses from 2 wards of pediatric hematological tumor were selected as the research subjects. Aiming at the problem that the venous blood specimen return rate was 0.95% (53/5 594), ADDIE mode was adopted to train the nurses and supervise the operation of venous blood specimen collection. The improvement goal was to reduce the return rate of blood specimens to 0.49%. Results The blood specimen return rate was 0.32% (37/11 527) after intervention, which was significantly lower than that before intervention (P＜0.05). The results of blood specimen knowledge assessment of nurses were significantly higher than before training (P＜0.05). Nurses′ satisfaction with training ranged from 91.18% to 100.00%. Conclusion Training and supervision with ADDIE model can effectively improve nurses′ knowledge and skills, thus improving the quality of venous blood specimen collection.