Objective To systematically review women′s experience of obstetric anal sphincter injury following childbirth, and to provide a reference for the future development of targeted nursing measures. Methods Computer assisted search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, etc., was conducted to retrieve qualitative research on women′s experience of obstetric anal sphincter injury following childbirth. The publication date of the literature was limited to a period from the establishment of the database to January 2022. The quality of the literature was evaluated according to the 2016 edition of JBI quality standards for qualitative research, and the results were integrated by the pooled integration method. Results A total of 10 studies were included, and 91 results were extracted, and the similar results were summarized into 8 new categories. Finally, 4 integrated results were obtained: impact on daily life, physical and mental reactions, lack of medical support and interaction, active recovery and moving on. Conclusion Nurses should pay attention to and understand women′s real experience of obstetric anal sphincter injury following childbirth, identify high-risk factors of anal sphincter injury, give targeted intervention measures, and establish a multidisciplinary postpartum follow-up team to help postpartum women better return to society and improve their quality of life.