Objective To develop a rating scale for barriers to and facilitators of evidence-based nursing （EBN） implementation and to test its reliability and validity. Methods A draft framework and scale were developed through interviews with participants of 45 EBN implementation projects, then a pre-test scale was generated after 2 rounds of expert consultations and was completed by 215 nurses involving in EBN implementation projects. At last, 1,604 nurses were surveyed to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The rating scale was formed with 40 items and 6 dimensions.The overall Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.931 and the Cronbach′s α coefficients for dimensions were between 0.922 and 0.966.The content validity index was 0.904.Exploratory factor analysis extracted 6 factors that accounted for 77.012% of the variance and confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit to the proposed six-factor structure. Conclusion The rating scale for barriers to and facilitators of EBN implementation has good reliability and validity.