Objective To probe into the composition of positive psychological capital of nurses in China from the perspective of Positive Psychology and Positive Organizational Behavior theory, as well as taking local cultural context and the characteristics of nurses′ profession into consideration. Methods In the interpretive phenomenological study, 35 articles about the stories and written reports of outstanding nursing workers in China were reviewed; semi-structured interviews were conducted on 22 excellent nurses from 3 3A hospitals in Baoding. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results The 2-order and 3-factor structure of psychological capital of nurses was summarized: the task driven factor of psychological capital included calmness, work immersion, resilience, optimism, self-efficacy, professional responsibility, adaptation; the interpersonal communication factor comprised inclusiveness, dedication, modesties, sense of community; the learning development-oriented factor consists of reflection, putting the acquired knowledge and skills into practice, proactiveness, innovation. Nurses′ psychological Capital is defined as a kind of developable and measurable positive psychology that can promote the individual competitiveness of nurses in the process of effective communication and personal development planning in the context of Chinese culture. Conclusion The 2-order and three-factor structure of psychological capital of nurses is an overview of the psychological capital of Chinese nurses. It provides evidence for deve-lopment of nurses′ psychological capital evaluation tools.