Objective To translate the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-parent version （FoP-Q-SF/PR） from English to Chinese, and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese scale in parents of children with cancer. Methods A Chinese version of FoP-Q-SF/PR was formed through translation, back-translation, cross-cultural adaptation and pilot test, then it was used to investigate 329 parents of children with cancer from 3 tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou to test its reliability and validity. Results The Chinese version of FoP-Q-SF/PR was consisted of 3 dimensions （affective reactions, family and life, and school） and 12 items. Its scale-level content validity index was 0.986, the item-level content validity indexes were 0.833-1.000, and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the 3 common factors was 66.965%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that: χ2=116.325, χ2/df=2.281, RMSEA=0.075, SRMR=0.044, GFI=0.919, TLI=0.934, CFI=0.949, IFI=0.950. The Cronbach′s α coefficient of the Chinese version scale was 0.893, its split-half reliability was 0.894, and the test-retest reliability was 0.819. Conclusion The Chinese version of FoP-Q-SF/PR has good reliability and validity, and it can be used for assessing parental fear of progression in pediatric oncology.