Objective To evaluate the effect of dignity therapy on care experience, posttraumatic growth and caregiving competence of family caregivers of breast cancer patients. Methods Two hundred and twenty family caregivers of breast cancer patients were randomized into two groups with 110 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, while the observation group received dignity therapy. The Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview, the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory and the Chinese version of the Family Caregiver Task Inventory were utilized to evaluate the effects between the two groups at discharge and 3 months after discharge. Results The observation group had significantly milder caregiving burden, whereas signi-ficantly higher posttraumatic growth and caregiving competence than did the control group （P＜0.01 for all）. Conclusion Dignity therapy can effectively alleviate caregiving burden and enhance posttraumatic growth and caregiving competence of family caregivers of breast cancer patients.