Objective To observe the effect of different nursing measures on postoperative agitation in children after strabismus surgery under general anesthesia. Methods A total of 696 children aged 3-12 years who were to receive strabismus correction surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups: the intervention group, the control group 1,and 2.The intervention group received one drop of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride at the end of the operation, and was sent to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) with the operated eye left uncovered with dressing.When they emerged from anesthesia, the nurses communicated with them,and then covered the operated eye with dressing.The control group 1 received one drop of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride at the end of the operation, and was sent to PACU with the operated eye covered with dressing, while the control group 2 was sent to PACU with the operated eye covered with dressing at the end of the operation without receiving 0.4% oxybuprocaine.The incidence and degree of emergence agitation among the 3 groups were recorded. Results The incidence rate of emergence agitation in the intervention group was 8.6%, versus 13.8% in the control group 1, and 35.8% in the control group 2, showing significant difference （P＜0.05）. Conclusion The combination of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride at the end of the operation and covering the surgical eye upon awakening from anesthesia has an excellent preventive effect on emergence agitation in children receiving strabismus surgery.