Objective To systematically review the risk factors of new-onset diabetes mellitus （NODM） after heart transplantation, and to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of NODM. Methods Such databases as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, WanFang Data, SinoMed and VIP were searched from inception to September 2020 to collect observational studies on risk factors of NODM after heart transplantation.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 14 studies involving 9808 participants were included. the incidence of NODM was 20.22%（1983/9808）.The results of Meta-analysis indicated that non-modifiable risk factors of NODM included age (OR=1.21,P＜0.01), family history of diabetes (OR=2.15,P＜0.01), while modifiable risk factors included BMI, higher FPG before transplantation, tacrolimus usage, steroids usage, cold ischemic time （OR=1.08-5.13,P≤0.01）. Conclusion NODM after heart transplantation are subjected to multiple factors. Medical staff should identify the risk factors, and take targeted mea-sures, in an effort to improve treatment effect and success rate of heart transplantation.