Objective To explore the effects of olfactory and gustatory stimulation on preterm infants fed by tube feeding, and to provide reference for nutrition therapy for preterm infants. Methods Totally, 165 premature infants in NICU were divided into a control group of 76 cases and an intervention group of 89 cases according to the periods of hospital stay. The control group received conventional tube feeding nursing care, while the intervention group additionally received olfactory and gustatory stimulation on the basis of the control group: before tube feeding, the nurse used breast-milk-soaked gauze to approach the nostrils of the premature baby to provide olfactory stimulation, and applied breast milk to the lips and tongue of the premature baby to provide gustatory stimulation. Results After intervention, the feeding transition time, gastric tube indwelling time, and duration of the parenteral nutrition in the intervention group were significantly shorter than those in the control group （P＜0.05,P＜0.01）.There were no significant differences in the length of hospitalization, the incidence rates of necrotizing enterocolitis, and spontaneous intestinal perforation, between the two groups （P＞0.05 for all）. Conclusion The practice of olfactory and gustatory stimulation can speed up feeding process of premature infants fed by tube feeding, and effectively shorten the feeding transition time, gastric tube indwelling time, and duration of the parenteral nutrition, which boosts recovery of premature infants.