Objective To boost self-management of pain in patients with axial spondyloarthritis （axSpA）. Methods Patients with axSpA were enrolled and chronologically divided into a control group （n=41）, who received routine care, and an intervention group （n=45）, who were subjected to the pain self-management program which was developed based on Delphi method. The stages of pain self-management, pain intensity and interference, and pain self-efficacy were measured at three months after the intervention. Results There were significant changes in stages of pain self-management in the intervention group into the intervention, and the distribution of stages of pain self-management had significant difference between the 2 groups （P＜0.05）.The intervention group significant before-after changes in pain intensity and overall pain interference （general activities, mood, walking, work, relations with others, sleep, and enjoyment of life）; the control group also saw significant changes in all the above-mentioned outcomes except relations with others （P＜0.05,P＜0.01）. There were also significant before-after changes in average pain intensity and pain self-efficacy in either of the 2 groups, though the changes between the 2 groups were not significant （P＞0.05 for both）. Conclusion Implementation of the pain self-management program could improve axSpA patients′ readiness to change pain-related behaviors, alleviate pain intensity, and enhance pain self-efficacy.