Objective To longitudinally track the dynamic changes of maternal perinatal depression, to analyze the influencing factors, and to provide reference for the formulation of targeted intervention strategies. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted to follow up 204 pregnant women, who were asked to fill out the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Vulnerable Personality Style Questionnaire at 3 time points:32-34 gestation weeks, 1 week postpartum, and 6 weeks postpartum. Results The median（IQR） scores of maternal perinatal depression at 3 time points were 7.0(3.0,10.0) points, 5.0(2.0,9.0) points, and 5.0(1.0,9.0) points, respectively, showing a downward trend （P＜0.01）.There were not significan changes in the scores of positive coping style and negative coping style at 3 time points （all P＞0.05）.The results of generalized estimation equation model showed that negative coping style and susceptible personality were negatively associated with maternal depression, while having a bachelor′s degree and below, being the only daughter, natural conception, positive coping style and reactive personality were positively associated with maternal depression （P＜0.05，P＜0.01）. Conclusion Maternal perinatal depression shows a downward trend. Medical staff should strengthen multi-point screening of maternal depression, give attention to those with higher educational level, having negative coping styles and susceptible personality, and take targeted intervention measures, in an effort to prevent the occurrence and development of depression.