Objective To investigate the perioperative nutritional status of kidney transplant patients, and to provide reference for taking targeted interventions. Methods A total of 300 kidney transplant patients were selected, and their nutritional status were assessed at admission and 24 hours before discharge using the Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), their other nutrition related indicators were also collected at the same time. Results According to the assessment result of PG-SGA, the incidence of malnutrition among the patients was 28.0% at admission and 42.0% at discharge. There were significant differences in weight, body mass index, hemoglobin and other indicators for the patients at the time of admission and discharge (P＜0.01 for all). Conclusion The malnutrition rate of patients before kidney transplantation is relatively high, which is further aggravated in the early postoperative stage. It is necessary to strengthen nutritional assessment and nutritional support, so as to promote postoperative recovery and long-term health management for kidney transplant patients.