Objective To explore the level of self-efficacy and its correlation with self-transcendence among chronic pain patients, and to provide reference for improving their self-efficacy. Methods Totally, 212 patients with chronic pain were investigated using the Pain Self- efficacy Questionnaire and Self-transcendence Scale. Results The sample scored 3.86±1.61 on pain self-efficacy, with the scoring rate of 64.33%. Pain self-efficacy was positively correlated with self-transcendence (r=0.729,P＜0.01). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that self-transcendence could explain 32.60% of the variance in self-efficacy. Conclusion Pain self-efficacy in patients with chronic pain needs to be enhanced, and self-transcendence might be an intervention target for improving self-efficacy.