Objective To translate the aging Expectation Scale(ERA-38) into Chinese，and to assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version scale. Methods The Beaton method was used to carry out the forward translation, integration, back translation, expert panel discussion and preliminary experiment of the ERA-38, and then an initial Chinese version of the scale was formed. The Chinese version scale was administered to 378 community-residing elderly people to test its reliability and validity. Results Through item analysis, 11 items were deleted. After exploratory factor analysis, 6 items were deleted and 4 common factors were extracted, yielding a cumulative variance contribution of 68.635%. The content validity index of the scale was 0.97. The Chinese version of Aging Expectation Scale consisted of 4 dimensions(physical health, mental health, cognitive function, independence) and 21 items. The total Cronbach′s coefficient, half reliability and retest reliability of the scale were 0.944, 0.952 and 0.936, respectively. Conclusion The Chinese version of the Aging Expectation Scale has been proved to have sufficient reliability and validity in the context of Chinese culture, and can be used as a tool to evaluate aging expectation of the elderly.