Objective To develop the Evaluation Scale of Workplace Deviance Behavior of Nurses, and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on literature review and semi-structured interview, the item tools were identified according to the workplace deviance behavior classification system, and the original scale was formed after a 2-rounds expert consultation with 9 experts. Then a total of 300 nurses attending national training were selected and investigated by convenient sampling method. Results The final scale included 5 dimensions consisting of 21 items. Five common factors were extracted from exploratory factor analysis, which could explain 61.816％ of the total variance. Correlation coefficient between each dimension score and the total scale score was 0.650-0.871（P＜0.01 for all）, and correlation coefficient between subscale scores was 0.340-0.609（P＜0.01 for all）. The content validity index of the scale （S-CVI） was 0.975, its Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.937, its split-half reliability was 0.897, and its test-retest reliability was 0.846. Conclusions The Evaluation Scale of Workplace Deviance Behavior of Nurses shows adequate reliability and validity, it is culturally appropriate for nurses self-evaluation on workplace deviance behavior.