Objective To explore the impact of health empowerment intervention based on family doctor service system on disease management in elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions. Methods Totally, 94 elderly patients with two or more chronic conditions (hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and osteoarthrosis, etc) were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group (n=46) received regular health management service provided by family doctors, while the intervention group (n=48) received health empowerment intervention based on family doctor service for 16 weeks. Results The dimension scores and total scores of health empowerment in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group; the intervention group did better in medication adherence and chronic disease control than the controls; all the dimension scores (except physical function) and total scores of quality of life in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group （P＜0.05，P＜0.01）. Conclusion Health empowerment intervention based on family doctor service system improves empowerment level of elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions, enhances their disease management ability,and quality of life.