Objective To explore the effects of collaborative physician-nurse nutrition management on growth and development of preterm infants. Methods A total of 32 preterm infants with a gestational age≤34 weeks and hospitalized in NICU from February to November 2018 were selected as a control group, who received routine nutrition support based on traditional nursing for preterm infants. Another 42 preterm infants with a gestational age≤34 weeks and hospitalized in NICU from January to October 2019 were regarded as an intervention group, who received collaborative physician-nurse nutrition management, the nutritional support and nursing were implemented according to the nutritional support program formulated by physicians and nurses. The body weight, length, head circumference, incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and length of hospitalization were compared between the two groups at discharge. Results At discharge, the body weight, length and head circumference of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05 for all), and its incidence of EUGR and length of hospitalization were lower than those of the control group, while there were not significant differences (P>0.05 for both). Conclusion Conducting collaborative physician-nurse nutrition management for preterm infants with a gestational age≤34 weeks can promote their growth and development, while the incidence of EUGR can′t be improved significantly. It is suggested that paying attention to postnatal complications prevention and development support as conducting nutrition management for preterm infants