Objective To construct an emergency response nursing management system to battle COVID-19 in an infectious disease hospital, and to analyze the application effect. Methods During COVID-19 epidemic, we built a holistic emergency response nursing management system to battle the disease, including management, training, deployment/allocation, treatment and care, infection prevention and control, then we implemented the system into clinical practice. Results From January 21 to March 2, 2020, fever clinic and isolation wards were run. A total of 2 330 patients with fever visited the fever clinic and 58 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to the isolation wards, 56 of whom were cured and discharged, 2 were transferred. None of medical personnel was infected. Conclusion Construction and implementation of an emergency response nursing management system can effectively promote the emergency rescue capability of infectious disease hospital during the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak.