Objective To analyze the perioperative characteristics of patients who developed pressure ulcer during the surgery. Me-thods A retrospective study was conducted in 48 398 surgical patients.Two hundred and nineteen patients who developed pressure injury in the surgery were treated as the case group and 438 matched patients without pressure injury were selected from the rest samples and served as the control group. The perioperative characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that high body weight (OR=1.086）, preoperative Braden score less than 23 (OR=4.600), abnormal albumin concentration before the surgery (OR=3.896) and extended duration of anesthesia （OR=1.009） were risk factors of intraoperatively acquired pressure ulcer. The case group had longer postoperative hospital stay and total hospitalization days, and higher incidence of postoperative complications compared with the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01). Conclusion Nurses should assess body weight, Braden score and serum albumin level before the surgery and also evaluate duration of anesthesia during the surgery to prevent intraoperative pressure injury.They also need to assess postoperative complication risk of patients with intraoperatively acquired pressure ulcer.