Objective To investigate and analyze the post competence and its influencing factors among nurse anesthetists from grade three hospitals in Henan province, and to provide reference for standardized construction of anesthesia nursing team. Methods Totally 205 nurse anesthetists from 62 grade three hospitals in Henan province were investigated using a self-designed post competence questionnaire. Results The nurse anesthetists′ total score of post competence was 19-120(83.29±19.39). Regression analysis showed that, the working years in anesthesia nursing and educational background were the main influencing factors of nurse anesthetists (P<0.01 for both). Conclusion The overall post competence of nurse anesthetists from grade three hospitals in Henan province is a little low with a large gap. Hospital managers should set up targeted training plan according to the weakness of post competency, so as to improve nurse anesthetists′ post competence, and promote the sustainable development of anesthesia nursing specialty.