Objective To discuss the effect of applying electronic patrol system in environmental safety inspection of operating room. Methods With a prospective controlled comparative design, 60 routine safety inspections without using the electronic patrol system in 30 days of September, 2018 were taken as the before group, and 60 safety inspections using the electronic patrol system in 30 days of October, 2018 as the after group. The time required for one safety inspection and the rates of patrol point misses in the 2 groups were compared. Results The average time of one single inspection using the electronic patrol system was reduced from (31.35±3.07) to (19.28±1.84) min, and rates of patrol point misses dropped from 78.33% to 3.33%, with the difference being statistically significant （P＜0.01 for both）. Conclusion The application of electronic patrol system in the environmental safety inspection of operating room can save the time of inspectors, improve the efficiency of inspection, avoid the occurrence of patrol point misses, and improve environmental safety of operating room.