Objective To evaluate the practice effect of the performance allocation scheme for anesthetic nurses. Methods The nursing performance allocation scheme including workload, working quality, development and learning was constructed, which was then used in the performance allocation for anesthetic nurses. The nursing quality, nurses′ satisfaction and physicians′ satisfaction on anesthetic nursing in the years before and after the practice of the scheme were compared. Results The physicians′ and nurses′ satisfaction on anesthetic nursing increased year by year, nurses′ satisfaction on the performance allocation scheme enhanced year by year, and the standardreaching rate of nursing quality check improved significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Establishing a reasonable performance management for anesthetic nurses has great significance for increasing nurses′ job positivity, nursing quality, work efficiency, and improving the collaboration of physicians and nurses.