Objective To explore the fear of cancer recurrence and its influencing factors among postoperative patients with primary liver cancer, and to provide reference for setting targeted nursing intervention. Methods Totally 154 postoperative patients with primary liver cancer were investigated using the Fear of Progression QuestionnaireShort Form (FoPQSF), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Results The score of FoPQSF among postoperative patients with primary liver cancer was (37.76±8.12), and positive coping style, TNM stage, social support and average family monthly income were the main influencing factors of fear of cancer recurrence (adjusted R2 was 0.447). Conclusion The fear of cancer recurrence among postoperative patients with liver cancer is not optimistic, nursing staff should pay attention to the highrisk population of fear of cancer recurrence, and give targeted nursing intervention, guide and encourage patients to cope positively, so as to reduce their fear of recurrence.