Objective To explore the levels of workfamily conflict, work engagement, and psychological capital among hemodialysis nurses in Shenyang, and to explore their relationships. Methods A total of 238 hemodialysis nurses in tertiary hospitals of Shenyang were investigated using the WorkFamily Conflict Questionnaire, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and Psychological Capital Scale. Results The sample scored （24.24±6.42） on workfamily conflict，（98.02±16.09） on psychological capital，and （56.69±11.50） on work engagement. The total workfamily conflict score and dimension scores were negatively correlated with work engagement and psychological capital; and psychological capital was positively correlated with work engagement (P<0.05 for all). Psychological capital partly mediated the relationship between workfamily conflict and work engagement. Conclusion Workfamily conflict either directly affects work engagement of hemodialysis nurses, or indirectly affects work engagement through psychological capital. Nursing managers should pay attention to cultivation of psychological capital of hemodialysis nurses, thus to help them achieve workfamily balance and ameliorate negative impact of workfamily conflict on work engagement.