Objective To explore the effect of evidencebased practice protocol on prevention of underfeeding in enteral support of patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy. Methods Ninetyfour gastric cancer patients were chronologically assigned into a control group and an experimental group of 47, receiving either routine enteral feeding care or evidencebased nursing care guided by a protocol for prevention of underfeeding in enteral support. Results The experimental group had lower incidence of underfeeding and better postoperative nutritional status compared with the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Application of evidencebased nursing to optimizing process of enteral support can reduce the occurrence of underfeeding and improve nutritional status of patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy.