Objective To investigate the effect of case-oriented nursing management on AIDS-related diarrhea patients.Methods A total of 116 AIDS-related diarrhea patients were divided into a control group （57 cases） and an observation group （59 cases） according to the admission time.The control group was given routine care, while the observation group was given case-oriented nursing management. All the patients received continuous intervention for 6 months.The self-management ability of the two groups was evaluated before and after the intervention.The treatment effect of diarrhea and the incidence rate of diarrhea-related complications were counted and compared between the two groups.Results There were significant differences in the total scores of self-management, the two dimensions scores of daily life management and, disease knowledge management in the control group before and after intervention （all P＜0.01）.There were significant differences in the total score of self-management and the scores of each dimension in the observation group before and after intervention (all P＜0.01). There were significant differences in self-management scores, the treatment effect of diarrhea between the two groups after intervention (all P＜0.01). Incidence rate of diarrhea-related complications were lower in the observation group.Conclusion The implementation of case-oriented nursing management for AIDS-related diarrhea patients can improve self-management status of them, improve the treatment effect of diarrhea, and reduce the incidence rate of diarrhea-related complications.