Objective To explore the dietary caring experiences of caregivers for children with leukemia during chemotherapy, to provide a basis for dietary interventions.Methods A descriptive qualitative study was conducted, with semi-structured interviews of 16 caregivers, and content analysis was used to analyze the data.Results Three themes and eight subthemes were identified:caregiver dilemmas triggered by patient factors (adverse reactions related to treatment, negative emotions, self-management ability), dietary caring dilemmas brought about by caregiver factors (insufficient initiative and standardization in acquiring dietary management knowledge, coping modes), and social support (lack of scientific information sources, insufficient dietary care support from medical institutions, peer support).Conclusion Caregivers of children with leukemia have complex dietary caring experiences, which can affect the treatment and prognosis of the children.Nursing staff should strengthen the assessment and attention to the physical and psychological issues that trigger children′s dietary problems, expand diversified dietary caring support channels for caregivers, and enable them to effectively and conveniently acquire dietary management knowledge to improve the nutritional status of the children.