护理本科毕业生“慢就业”现象及成因的质性研究
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女,硕士在读,主管护师

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四川省教育厅高校思想政治工作队伍培训研修中心(西南交通大学)思想政治教育研究课题(高校辅导员专项)(CJSFZ23-53)


A qualitative study on the phenomenon and causes of "slow employment" among nursing bachelor′s graduates
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    摘要:

    目的 探讨护理本科毕业生“慢就业”现象及成因,为针对性干预提供参考。方法 采用描述性质性研究方法,以社会生态系统理论为指引,对23名“慢就业”护理本科毕业生进行深度访谈,采用定向内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果 提炼出3个主题,9个亚主题:微观系统-个体就业准备不足(消极护理职业认知、就业缓冲心理、就业能力不足);中观系统-家庭、学校、朋辈、师长对职业发展的消极影响(家庭支持与压力、学校就业服务支持不足、朋辈竞争与带教老师影响);宏观系统-护理教育政策和就业环境对护理就业的负面影响(护士规范化培训的管理不完善、护理行业就业歧视与学历竞争、应届毕业生身份限制)。结论 护理本科毕业生“慢就业”现象成因复杂,需关注微观系统个体消极护理职业认知和能力因素,加强职业认知和职业认同感教育,提高护理毕业生就业准备度。中观系统家庭、学校、朋辈、师长的负面影响,需多方协同构建高质量就业指导服务体系,提高就业服务精准度。宏观系统,需改善就业生态环境,完善护士规范化培训政策,规范用人单位招聘条件。

    Abstract:

    Objective To explore the phenomenon and causes of "slow employment" among nursing bachelor′s graduates, and to provide references for targeted interventions.Methods This study employed a descriptive research method, guided by Social Ecosystem Theory.In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 "slow employment" nursing bachelor′s graduates.The interview data were analyzed by the directed content analysis.Results Three themes and nine subthemes were identified:microsystem:individual insufficient employment preparation (negative nursing career perception, employment buffer psychology, insufficient employment ability); mesosystem:negative impact of family, school, peers and nursing mentors on career development (family support and pressure, insufficient school employment service support, peer competition and influence of mentoring teachers); macrosystem:negative impact of nursing education policies and employment environment on nursing employment (inadequate management of nurse standardized training, employment discrimination and educational competition in the nursing industry, restriction of fresh graduate status).Conclusion The causes of "slow employment" among nursing bachelor′s graduates are complex, requiring attention to in-dividual negative nursing career perception and ability factors at the microsystem, strengthening career perception and professional identity education, and improving nursing employment preparedness.At the mesosystem, the negative impact of family, school, peers and nursing mentors requires the construction of a high-quality employment guidance service system through multi-party collaboration to improve the precision of employment services. At the macrosystem, it is necessary to improve the employment ecological environment, perfect the policy of standardized training for nurses, and standardize the recruitment conditions of emplo-yers.

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毛静,王建,代凤玲,钟汶汐,沈黛珺,陈燕华.护理本科毕业生“慢就业”现象及成因的质性研究[J].护理学杂志,2025,(13):88-92

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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-22
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-08
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-31