Objective To construct a preoperative prehabilitation program for patients undergoing pancreatic tumor resection based on intervention mapping theory and to explore its application effects.Methods A total of 60 pancreatic tumor resection patients from January to December 2022 were set as the control group, and 60 pancreatic tumor resection patients from January to December 2023 were set as the observation group.The patients in the control group received traditional preoperative interventions, and the patients in the observation group received preoperative prehabilitation program interventions based on intervention mapping theory.Results The observation group′s first time out of bed, exhaust time and hospitalization time were significantly shorter than that of the control group (all P＜0.05); there was no statistical significance in the incidence of complications between the two groups (all P＞0.05).After the intervention, the nutritional and exercise indexes of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group, and there was a statistically significant difference in anxiety, depression, and hope level scores compared to the control group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion The preoperative prehabilitation program for pancreatic tumor resection patients based on intervention mapping theory has high scientific and applicability, which is helpful to provide guidance for preoperative prehabilitation of pancreatic tumor resection patients, and can effectively improve the preoperative nutritional status and exercise ability of the patients, and improve the adverse psychological status of the patients.