Objective To investigate the current situation of work engagement among ICU nurses, as well as to explore the mediating effect of organizational justice on the relationship between person-organization fit and work engagement. Methods Using the convenience sampling method,ICU nurses from six tertiary comprehensive hospitals in Sichuan Province were surveyed by a general data questionnaire, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale(UWES-9),the Person-Organization Fit Scale and the Organizational Justice Scale from July 2023 to January 2024. Results The total score of work engagement for ICU nurses was (32.00±11.48) points, the total score of person-organization fit was 186.00 (177.00, 192.25) points, and the total score of the organizational justice scale was (71.83±13.15) points. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between work engagement and person-organization fit,as well as organizational justice (both P<0.05). Structural equation modeling indicated that organizational justice played a partial mediator between person-organization fit and work engagement, with the mediating effect accounting for 37.16% of the total effect. Conclusion Organizational justice has a partial mediating effect between person-organization fit and work engagement, suggesting that nursing managers should pay attention to the creation of a fair organizational atmosphere to stimulate nurses′ enthusiasm and positivity, helping to improve the level of person-organization fit and work engagement among ICU nurses.