Objective To explore the mediating roles of digital health literacy and technophobia between family social capital and health self-help behaviors among community-dwelling older adults,so as to provide a reference for developing targeted interventions. Methods From January to May 2024, a total of 428 older adults from outpatient clinics at two community health centers in Yanji city were conveniently selected, then they were investigated by using a general information questionnaire, the Family Social Capital Scale, the Digital Health Literacy Assessment Scale, the Technophobia Scale, and the Health Self-Help Behaviors Scale, and structural equation modeling was developed to test the chained mediation effect. Results The participants′ score of family social capital was (33.56±7.57) points, digital health literacy was (44.25±10.50) points, technophobia was (36.72±9.05) points, and health self-help behaviors was (78.63±16.81) points. Family social capital directly influenced health self-help behaviors among community-dwelling older adults, it also indirectly influenced health self-help behaviors through the separate mediating effects and the chain mediating effects of digital health literacy and technophobia (all P<0.05). Conclusion Health self-help behaviors in community-dwelling older adults is at a moderate level, and family social capital can directly or indirectly influence their health self-help behaviors through digital health literacy and technophobia. The role of family social capital of community-dwelling older adults should be emphasized to enhance their health self-help behaviors by improving their digital health literacy and reducing technophobia.