社区失能老年人家庭照护潜类别分析及与 居家照护安全的关系
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女,博士,主任护师,护理部主任

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国家社会科学基金项目(21BRK013)


Latent classes of home care types among community-dwelling disabled older adults and the association with home care safety
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    摘要:

    目的 探讨社区失能老人家庭照护类型,分析不同家庭照护类型对居家照护安全结局的影响。方法 采用便利抽样法选取镇江市436对社区失能老人及照护者为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、Katz指数量表、简明精神认知状态问卷、照护者负担简明问卷、中文版家庭照护者照护能力量表和居家照护不良事件发生情况调查表进行调查。对社区失能老人及照护者的家庭照护类型进行潜类别分析,并通过稳健三步法探讨亚群划分的影响因素,采用Lanza方法探讨不同亚群的居家照护不良事件发生概率。结果 识别出4种社区失能老人家庭照护类型:轻失能良认知-强照护型(15.1%)、重失能-中照护型(32.8%)、重失能-弱照护型(15.1%)、重失能良认知-中照护型(36.9%)。老人年龄、慢性病种类、子女数量、家庭经济状况及照护者性别、照护者文化程度、照护负担是亚群分类的影响因素(均P<0.05);重失能-弱照护型发生居家照护不良事件的概率最高(P<0.05)。结论 社区失能老人家庭照护类型存在异质性,其影响了居家照护安全结局。根据家庭照护类型采取针对性策略是提升居家照护安全的关键。

    Abstract:

    Objective To explore the types ofhome care and their associations with home care safety outcomes among community-dwelling disabled older adults. Methods A total of 436 pairs of community-dwelling disabled older adults and their caregivers in Zhenjiang were selected using convenience sampling, then they were investigated by using a demographic questionnaire, the Katz Index, the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, the Short Form Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview, the Chinese Version of Family Caregiver Task Inventory, and the Questionnaire of Adverse Eventsin home care. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify the types of home care for community-dwelling disabled older adults. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was adopted to explore the influencing factors of subgroups, and Lanza method was used to compare the probability of adverse events in different subgroups. Results Four types of home care for community-dwelling disabled older adults were identified:mild disability with good cognition-strong care type (15.1%), severe disability-moderate care type (32.8%), severe disability-weak care type (15.1%) , and severe disability with good cognition-mode rate care type (36.9%). The age of older adults, number of chronic diseases, number of children, family financial status, caregivers′ gender, caregivers′ educational background, and caregiver burden were the influential factors of subgroup classification (all P<0.05); the severe disability-weak care type had the highest probability of experiencing adverse events (P<0.05). Conclusion There is heterogeneity in the types of home care among community-dwelling disabled older adults, which affects the outcomes of home care safety. Adopting targeted strategies tailored to the specific type of home care is essential to enhance home care safety.

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曹松梅,肖峰,梁怡青,黄欢欢,柏素萍,赵庆华.社区失能老年人家庭照护潜类别分析及与 居家照护安全的关系[J].护理学杂志,2025,(2):90-94

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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-18
  • 最后修改日期:2024-10-25
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-03-03