The diversion of controlled substances in infusion therapy poses potential threats to healthcare, law, and society, and the management of controlled substances diversion faces challenges. This article focuses on the prevention, identification, and management of drug diversion, which was first proposed in Infusion Therapy Standards of Practice of the 9th Edition of INS. It will provide scientific basis for clinical practice and decision-making of medical staff in China, in order to reduce drug diversion in infusion therapy, and protect patients and clinical safety.