This paper introduces the classification and sources of particulate matter, as well as the impact of indoor particulate matter exposure on the health of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The intervention measures for indoor particulate matter exposure in COPD patients include strengthening health education and follow-up, applying electronic health technologies and equipment, and changing daily lifestyles and behaviors. It is proposed that the attention of nursing staff and patients to indoor particulate matter should be enhanced, and active intervention measures should be taken to reduce the impact of indoor particulate matter exposure on the health of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.