Objective To develop an intervention plan for sedentary behavior based on the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change and to explore its application effects in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans. Methods From March to August 2023, 68 hospitalized patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans were designated as the control group and received routine care. From September 2023 to February 2024, 67 patients were assigned to the intervention group, where the sedentary behavior intervention plan based on the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change was constructed and implemented. Effects were assessed 3 months into the intervention. Results Comparisons of total sedentary time, longest duration of sedentary behavior, 6-minute walking test, pain-free walking distance, Short Physical Performance Battery result, and vascular quality of life scores before and 3-month into the intervention showed significant differences between the two groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion The implementation of the sedentary behavior intervention plan based on the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change effectively can reduce sedentary behavior levels in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans, increased physical activity, and improved walking ability, lower limb function, and quality of life.