Objective To examine the effectiveness of the combined case-based teaching and video blog teaching method in ideological and political education within the Introduction to Nursing course. Methods Undergraduate nursing students from the 2022 and 2023 cohorts were selected as the study participants. The 2022 cohort (76 students) served as the control group, while the 2023 cohort (77 students) was the observation group. In the ideological and political education component of the Introduction to Nursing course, the control group received traditional teaching, whereas the observation group was taught using the combined case-based teaching and video blog teaching method. End-of-term exam scores and levels of professional identity were compared between the two groups. Results Implementing the combined case-based teaching and video blog teaching method in ideological and political education for the Introduction to Nursing course helps nursing students improve both their mastery of professional knowledge and their ideological and political understanding, thereby enhancing teaching effectiveness and strengthening students′ professional identity. Conclusion The implementation of case-based teaching combined with video blog teaching method in ideological and political education of Introduction to Nursing course is helpful to promote nursing students′ mastery of professional knowledge and improvement of ideological and political literacy, improve teaching effect and enhance nursing students′ professional identity.