Objective To investigate the prevalence of food addiction among shift-working nurses and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 450 shift-working nurses from 5 tertiary hospitals in Sichuan province were selected for the study. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire for Shift-Workers (MCTQshift). Results A total of 429 valid questionnaires were returned. The prevalence of food addiction among shift-working nurses was 19.81%. Factors influencing food addiction included having other caregiving burden, smoking, perceived stress, social jetlag, educational level, and monthly household income per capita (all P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of food addiction among shift-working nurses is high. It is recommended that hospitals and nursing managers pay attention to the issue of food addiction among shift-working nurses, particularly those with lower education levels, lower household income, having other caregiving burden, and high social jetlag. Active interventions should be implemented to address food addiction.