Objective To understand the status quo of professional quality of life of nurses in infectious disease department and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for taking targeted measures to improve their professional quality of life.Methods A total of 388 nurses were conveniently selected in the infectious disease department of 11 tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province.The general information questionnaire, Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) and Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF) were used for the investigation.Results The scores of burnout, secondary trauma, and compassion satisfaction of the ProQOL were (26.16±5.90), (22.42±4.91) and (30.26±8.16), respectively.The results of regression analysis showed that professional title, daily working hours, income satisfaction, dietary status, self-rated physical condition, social support and self-compassion were the influencing factors of burnout; only child, education background and self-compassion were the influencing factors of secondary trauma; and only child, years of working experience, income satisfaction, dietary status, self-rated physical condition, social support and self-compassion were the influencing factors of compassion satisfaction （all P＜0.05）.Conclusion The professional quality of life of nurses in infectious disease department is at a moderate level, with numerous influencing factors.It is recommended to provide individualized support programs tailored to the different characteristics of nurses in infectious disease department, in order to improve their professional quality of life.