Objective To develop a risk management checklist for COPD patients in the home and to verify its application effect. Methods Fifty-eight hospitalized COPD patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=29) and a control group (n=29). The control group received routine care and health education, while the intervention group, in addition to routine care, was provided with a context-awareness risk management checklist specifically tailored for COPD patients. The checklist was used for patient management, and its effect was evaluated three months after patient discharge. Results The intervention group had significantly higher disease-related knowledge and lower rate of readmission compared with the control group (both P<0.05). Eight healthcare professionals interviewed affirmed the role of the checklist. Conclusion The application of a context-awareness management risk checklist for COPD patients in home setting contributes to improving their disease-related knowledge, reducing readmission rate, and enhancing effect of disease management.