Objective To translate the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture Version 2.0（HSOPSC 2.0） into Chinese, and to test its reliability and validity, so as to provide an effective tool for evaluating patient safety culture in Chinese healthcare institutions. Methods The Brislin translation model was used, and the translation guideline for the Surveys on Patient Safety Culture was referred to, a Chinese version of HSOPSC 2.0 was formed after translation, back-translation, expert consultation and pre-test. Then the Chinese version scale was used to investigate 368 medical staff from 6 tertiary hospitals in Shanxi province to analyze its reliability and validity. Results The item-level content validity index of the Chinese version HSOPSC 2.0 ranged from 0.833 to 1.000, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.938. Exploratory factor analysis identified 9 common factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 80.712%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit, with χ2/df=2.222, CFI=0.903, IFI=0.904, RMSEA=0.071, and RMR=0.033. The Cronbach′s α coefficient of the scale was 0.952, and its test-retest reliability was 0.924. Conclusion The Chinese version of HSOPSC 2.0 has good reliability and validity,and it can be used as an assessment tool for patient safety culture in Chinese healthcare institutions.